http://d-i.alioth.debian.org/manual/en.i386/apds03.html
Excerpted on 2006.06.20.
create file systems on your partitions.
The tool that the Debian installer uses, which is recognized as the official way to install a Debian base system, is debootstrap. It uses wget and ar, but otherwise depends only on /bin/sh and basic Unix/Linux tools[11]. Install wget and ar if they aren't already on your current system, then download and install debootstrap.
The debootstrap binary is located in the Debian archive (be sure to select the proper file for your architecture). Download the debootstrap .deb from the pool http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/d/debootstrap/, copy the package to the work folder, and extract the binary files from it. You will need to have root privileges to install the binaries.
# ar -x debootstrap_0.X.X_arch.deb # cd / # zcat /full-path-to-work/work/data.tar.gz | tar xv
debootstrap can download the needed files directly from the archive when you run it. You can substitute any Debian archive mirror for http.us.debian.org/debian in the command example below, preferably a mirror close to you network-wise. Mirrors are listed at http://www.debian.org/misc/README.mirrors.
Substitute one of the following for ARCH in the debootstrap command: alpha, arm, hppa, i386, ia64, m68k, mips, mipsel, powerpc, s390, or sparc.
# /usr/sbin/debootstrap --arch ARCH etch \ /mnt/debinst http://http.us.debian.org/debian
Now you've got a real Debian system, though rather lean, on disk. Chroot into it:
# LANG= chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash
You need to create /etc/fstab.
# editor /etc/fstab
Here is a sample you can modify to suit:
# /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # file system mount point type options dump pass /dev/XXX / ext3 defaults 0 1 /dev/XXX /boot ext3 ro,nosuid,nodev 0 2 /dev/XXX none swap sw 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto,rw,sync,user,exec 0 0 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom iso9660 noauto,ro,user,exec 0 0 /dev/XXX /tmp ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2 /dev/XXX /var ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2 /dev/XXX /usr ext3 rw,nodev 0 2 /dev/XXX /home ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2
Use mount -a to mount all the file systems you have specified in your /etc/fstab. You can mount the proc file system multiple times and to arbitrary locations, though /proc is customary. If you didn't use mount -a, be sure to mount proc before continuing:
# mount -t proc proc /proc
The command ls /proc should now show a non-empty directory. Should this fail, you may be able to mount proc from outside the chroot:
# mount -t proc proc /mnt/debinst/proc
To configure your keyboard:
# dpkg-reconfigure console-data
Note that the keyboard cannot be set while in the chroot, but will be configured for the next reboot.
To configure networking, edit /etc/network/interfaces, /etc/resolv.conf, /etc/hostname and /etc/hosts.
# editor /etc/network/interfaces
Here are some simple examples from /usr/share/doc/ifupdown/examples:
###################################################################### # /etc/network/interfaces -- configuration file for ifup(8), ifdown(8) # See the interfaces(5) manpage for information on what options are # available. ###################################################################### # We always want the loopback interface. # auto lo iface lo inet loopback # To use dhcp: # # auto eth0 # iface eth0 inet dhcp # An example static IP setup: (broadcast and gateway are optional) # # auto eth0 # iface eth0 inet static # address 192.168.0.42 # network 192.168.0.0 # netmask 255.255.255.0 # broadcast 192.168.0.255 # gateway 192.168.0.1
Enter your nameserver(s) and search directives in /etc/resolv.conf:
# editor /etc/resolv.conf
A simple /etc/resolv.conf:
search hqdom.local nameserver 10.1.1.36 nameserver 192.168.9.100
Enter your system's host name (2 to 63 characters):
# echo DebianHostName > /etc/hostname
If you have multiple network cards, you should arrange the names of driver modules in the /etc/modules file into the desired order. Then during boot, each card will be associated with the interface name (eth0, eth1, etc.) that you expect.
![[Note]](../../../../asciidoc/images/icons/note.png){kind=icon}
If you intend to boot this system, you probably want a Linux kernel and a boot loader. Identify available pre-packaged kernels with
# apt-cache search linux-image
Then install your choice using its package name.
# apt-get install linux-image-2.6.15-arch-etc
To make your Debian GNU/Linux system bootable, set up your boot loader to load the installed kernel with your new root partition. Note that debootstrap does not install a boot loader, though you can use apt-get inside your Debian chroot to do so.
Check info grub or man lilo.conf for instructions on setting up the bootloader. If you are keeping the system you used to install Debian, just add an entry for the Debian install to your existing grub menu.lst or lilo.conf. For lilo.conf, you could also copy it to the new system and edit it there. After you are done editing, call lilo (remember it will use lilo.conf relative to the system you call it from).
Here is a basic /etc/lilo.conf as an example:
boot=/dev/hda6 root=/dev/hda6 install=menu delay=20 lba32 image=/vmlinuz label=Debian
documented on: 2006.06.20
